A luminaire, often called a light fixture, is a complete lighting unit that produces and distributes light to fulfill the design goals for the lighted space.
The primary methods of controlling light from a bare light source via a light fixture are reflection, transmission and refraction. Other methods include polarization, interference and absorption. In this article, we will discuss the first three.
Reflection
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Reflection, the most common form of controlling light, occurs when light rays impact and are then reflected from a surface. The types of reflection include:
Reflection of light. Reflection of light is either specular (mirror-like) or diffuse (retaining the energy, but losing the image) depending on the nature of the interface.In specular reflection the phase of the reflected waves depends on the choice of the origin of coordinates, but the relative phase between s and p (TE and TM) polarizations is fixed by the properties of the media and of the. Dielectric mirrors utilize Fresnel reflections at multiple optical interfaces, often with constructive interference of such reflections. Fresnel reflections are essential for the operation principle of birefringent tuners. Figure 1: Effective reflectivity at an air gap between two optical fibers vs. The reflectivity can vanish due to.
- Specular
- Diffuse
- Spread
- Selective
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Specular reflection is when light is reflected from a highly polished surface such as smooth polished metal, producing a consistent angle. Clone wars nose art.
Diffuse reflection is when light is reflected from a rough surface, producing a variety of angles depending on how the light impacts each tiny part of the rough surface. Diffuse reflection is typically used to minimize glare, hot spots and shadows.
Spread reflection is when light is reflected into a cone of light rays from surfaces such as corrugated or etched metal, plastic or glass.
Tapl texture pack minecraft. Selective reflection is when a colored surface is used so that only certain color wavelengths or reflected as opposed to absorbed or transmitted. Corruption of champions debug.
As can be seen, how the reflecting surface is shaped determines how the beam is reflected. The most popular shapes for such surfaces include circular, parabolic, ellipsoidal and combination.
Transmission
Transmission occurs when light rays are passed through a material. The types of transmission include:
- Direct
- Diffuse
- Spread
- Selective
Direct transmission is when light rays go through the material with no change to their direction or color. Example: Clear plate glass. Diffuse transmission is when light rays are widely spread, useful when we want to obscure the light source and produce a uniform appearance of light on the transmitting surface. Example: Inside-frosted glass.
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Spread transmission is when the maximum intensity of light rays passed through with little change in direction, producing a glow on the transmitting surface and a sense of sparkle.
Selective transmission is when selected color wavelengths are allowed to pass through the material. Example: Colored glass.
Refraction
Refraction, used in prismatic lenses in fluorescent fixtures, floodlighting and streetlighting, occurs when light rays pass through one material and into another at a different intensity.
By Belinda Turpen, inter.Light, inc.
